Protecting Permafrost: Addressing the climate threat of Arctic thaw

Technical Paper #2025-11

Version Number: 1.0

September 24, 2025

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Ian Graham

Protecting Permafrost: Addressing the Climate Threat of Arctic Thaw examines the significant climate threat posed by Arctic permafrost thaw. Climate heating is causing permafrost to thaw, leading to the release of heat-trapping gases like carbon dioxide and methane, which in turn accelerates climate change. The report assesses 13 potential interventions to slow or stop thaw and reduce emissions, with three being ready for deployment: wildfire management, caribou herding, and conservation or restoration of peatlands and wetlands. We emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach, including improving scientific understanding, gathering better data, developing permafrost thaw models, and creating governance frameworks.

Cover image: “Permafrost thaw ponds in [Dewey Soper Migratory Bird Sanctuary on Baffin Island]” by Steve Jurvetson, via Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC BY 2.0. Cropped from original. Not covered by CC BY 4.0.